Property Damage Assessment in Lexington, Kentucky. WD Pigeon Solutions provides professional property damage assessment services for Lexington property owners, including immediate population reduction, fully licensed technicians, humane methods only. Contact us for a free inspection in Lexington, Kentucky.
Property Damage Assessment in Lexington, Kentucky
Detailed assessment of pigeon-caused property damage for insurance claims, including documentation, photography, and repair cost estimates — trusted by Lexington property owners for lasting, humane results.
Last updated: February 8, 2026 · Reviewed by WD Pigeon Solutions pest control specialists
Why Lexington Property Owners Need Professional Property Damage Assessment
Our Lexington Property Damage Assessment team has extensive experience clearing pigeons from lecture hall ventilation grates and installing barriers on stadium press box structures that stand up to weather and time.
Pigeons in Lexington gravitate toward performing arts centers and campus health centers, where campus commons picnic waste provide a reliable food source.
Beyond structural damage, pigeon infestations in Lexington raise public health concerns: dried droppings become airborne and can transmit fungal and bacterial infections to building occupants.
Every Lexington project is backed by follow-up inspections to ensure deterrents remain effective and no new pigeon activity has developed.
Insurance claims related to pigeon damage are on the rise for faculty office buildings and bookstores and retail, with corrosion, drain blockages, and fire hazards from nesting material among the most common issues.
The seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity that defines Lexington means pigeon control should ideally begin before August through May, when prevention costs far less than reactive cleanup.
Regular maintenance is key to long-term pigeon control in Lexington: inspect deterrent hardware, clear nesting material promptly, and repair any new openings birds might exploit.
Don't let pigeons devalue your Lexington property. Request a free quote from WD Pigeon Solutions and learn how our proven methods deliver lasting results.
Where We Install Property Damage Assessment in Lexington
Our Lexington team has installed property damage solutions across all property types throughout Kentucky.
High-Priority Property Damage Assessment Locations in Lexington
These Lexington property types see the most urgent demand for professional property damage.
Lexington Athletic facilities
Athletic facilities face recurring pigeon pressure in Lexington. Colonies establish around dormitory window sills and are sustained by late-night food truck zones, making professional property damage essential for long-term protection.
Lexington Student housing complexes
Student housing complexes in Lexington are prime candidates for property damage due to heavy pigeon pressure around lecture hall ventilation grates. Nearby campus commons picnic waste draw flocks that quickly establish colonies.
Lexington University buildings
Property Damage is increasingly requested for university buildings in Lexington, particularly to protect outdoor amphitheater structures and reduce contamination caused by dining hall waste overflow.
Lexington Campus dining facilities
Campus dining facilities in Lexington combine sheltered library building ledges with nearby tailgating event food scraps, creating ideal conditions for persistent pigeon colonies that property damage can address.
Lexington Off-campus student apartments
Pigeon activity around off-campus student apartments in Lexington frequently targets dormitory window sills, with late-night food truck zones sustaining flocks that cause droppings, nesting debris, and health concerns.
Lexington Fraternity and sorority houses
Fraternity and sorority houses face recurring pigeon pressure in Lexington. Colonies establish around lecture hall ventilation grates and are sustained by campus commons picnic waste, making professional property damage essential for long-term protection.
Our Property Damage Assessment Process in Lexington
Step 1: Complimentary Lexington Site Survey
A licensed technician inspects your Lexington property — focusing on performing arts centers and campus health centers — to document active roosts, nesting concentrations around lecture hall ventilation grates, and contamination severity. This assessment is free and carries no obligation.
Step 2: Property-Specific Property Damage Blueprint
No two Lexington properties are alike. Whether you manage athletic facilities or university buildings, our plan targets the exact roosting and nesting behavior documented during inspection, with materials selected for Lexington's seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity.
Step 3: Systematic Property Damage Deployment
Our Lexington crew works section by section through every mapped treatment zone. Each property damage component is installed to manufacturer specifications, with special attention to high-pressure points around outdoor amphitheater structures and university classroom halls where pigeon activity is most intense.
Step 4: System Verification and Handover
Each installed component is tested and verified against the original treatment plan. We document every property damage point on your Lexington property — from stadium press box structures to research laboratory buildings zones — and provide a complete service record with photographs for your files.
Step 5: Ongoing Performance Guarantee
If pigeons return to any treated area within our guarantee period, we come back and address it at no additional cost. For Lexington properties with the seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity, this guarantee gives you confidence that the solution will hold.
Why Lexington Chooses WD Pigeon Solutions for Property Damage Assessment
When choosing a property damage assessment provider in Lexington, you need a team that understands local conditions. Our technicians know that athletic facilities face different pigeon challenges than campus parking structures, and we tailor every property damage installation accordingly.
- Building-specific solutions — different approaches for performing arts centers versus fraternity and sorority houses based on actual pigeon pressure patterns
- Materials rated for Lexington's seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity — UV-stabilized, corrosion-resistant products that last for years
- Transparent pricing — written quotes with itemized costs before any work starts
- Licensed and insured — full general liability and worker's comp coverage in Kentucky
- Warranty-backed results — if pigeons return to any treated parking garage stairwells or lecture hall ventilation grates, we come back at no charge
- Flexible scheduling — evening and weekend availability to minimize disruption to your Lexington operations
The proof is in the results: Lexington properties we've treated stay pigeon-free. That track record across fraternity and sorority houses, research laboratory buildings, and dozens of other building types is why property managers choose us again and again.
What Our Customers Say
Trusted by thousands of homeowners and businesses
“We had pigeons nesting under every solar panel on our roof. WD Pigeon Solutions installed mesh guards around all 24 panels and cleaned up years of droppings. Our solar output increased by 15% after the cleanup. Worth every penny.”
James Mitchell
Phoenix, AZ · Solar Panel Pigeon Protection
“Managing a 40-story office building with a pigeon problem is a nightmare. WD Pigeon Solutions brought in rope-access technicians who installed bird spikes on every ledge. The building looks clean for the first time in years. Our tenants are thrilled.”
David Park
Chicago, IL · Bird Spikes Installation
“The dropping cleanup alone was worth calling them. They power-washed our entire building facade, treated everything with antimicrobial solution, and then installed spikes and wire to prevent the pigeons from returning. Building looks brand new.”
Mark Sullivan
Boston, MA · Dropping Cleanup & Sanitization
“The property damage assessment they provided was incredibly detailed. We used it to file an insurance claim for the pigeon damage to our roof and HVAC system. The claim was approved and covered most of the repair and prevention costs.”
Gregory Adams
Indianapolis, IN · Property Damage Assessment
“We needed our loading dock cleared of pigeons before a major FDA inspection. WD Pigeon Solutions responded within 24 hours, removed all nests, cleaned and sanitized the entire dock area, and installed deterrents. We passed the inspection.”
Steven Barnes
Dallas, TX · Loading Dock Bird Control
“We own a warehouse and the pigeon situation was creating serious OSHA concerns. The team installed a comprehensive netting system across our 50,000 sq ft ceiling. The installation crew was professional and finished ahead of schedule.”
Michael O'Brien
Denver, CO · Warehouse Bird Control
“Our school district hired WD Pigeon Solutions to address pigeon problems at three campuses. They handled everything—assessment, removal, cleanup, and prevention—across all locations. The kids and teachers are much happier without pigeons on the playground.”
William Turner
Nashville, TN · School & Campus Bird Control
“As a property manager for 12 commercial buildings, I've tried every pigeon control company in the area. WD Pigeon Solutions is the only one that delivers lasting results. They now handle all our properties and the tenants couldn't be happier.”
Daniel Jackson
Charlotte, NC · Commercial Bird Exclusion
“I was skeptical about the pigeon birth control program, but the results speak for themselves. Our building's pigeon population has dropped by over 80% in eight months. It's the most humane and effective long-term solution I've seen.”
Amanda Nguyen
San Francisco, CA · Pigeon Birth Control (OvoControl)
“I called about pigeons in my attic and they came out the same day. They removed over 30 nests, sanitized everything, and sealed every entry point. It's been six months and not a single pigeon has gotten back in. Incredible service.”
Maria Gonzalez
Houston, TX · Attic Pigeon Removal
“The seasonal prevention program has been a game-changer for our property management company. WD Pigeon Solutions comes out quarterly, inspects all our properties, and addresses any issues before they become infestations. Proactive and reliable.”
Jason Patel
Henderson, NV · Seasonal Pigeon Prevention
“We run a food processing plant and a pigeon infestation nearly shut us down. WD Pigeon Solutions mobilized a team the next morning. They cleared the facility, sealed every opening, and set up a monitoring program. We haven't had an issue since.”
Nicole Davis
Minneapolis, MN · Industrial Pigeon Control
“Our parking garage had a massive pigeon problem. Cars were getting damaged, tenants were threatening to leave. The electric track deterrent system they installed on every level was the only thing that worked. Zero pigeons now.”
Brian Foster
New York City, NY · Parking Garage Bird Control
“The pigeon wire installation on our office building's ledges is invisible from the ground but incredibly effective. No more pigeons, no more droppings on the sidewalk below, no more complaints from visitors. Professional installation from start to finish.”
Megan Taylor
Raleigh, NC · Pigeon Wire Installation
“Third solar panel company told us we needed pigeon protection or they wouldn't honor the warranty. WD Pigeon Solutions installed critter guards on all 32 panels in one day. Clean work, fair price, and our warranty stays intact.”
Ryan Cooper
Scottsdale, AZ · Solar Panel Pigeon Protection
“Pigeons were getting into our retail store through gaps in the roof every time the loading door opened. The strip curtain and exclusion system they installed solved both the pigeon and the temperature control problem. Highly recommend.”
Stephanie Clark
San Jose, CA · Retail Store Bird Solutions
“I had pigeons nesting in my chimney and could hear them cooing all night. The team installed a heavy-duty chimney cap and removed all the nesting material. No more noise, no more mess. Quick and affordable service.”
Patricia Martinez
Tucson, AZ · Chimney Cap Installation
“Our historic downtown building was being destroyed by pigeon droppings. The team used heritage-sensitive methods that don't damage the original architecture. The building looks beautiful again and the pigeons are gone. Excellent attention to detail.”
Andrew Campbell
Salt Lake City, UT · Historical Building Protection
“Our downtown restaurant was losing customers because of pigeons on the patio. WD Pigeon Solutions installed a nearly invisible netting system over our outdoor dining area. Customers love it and we passed our health inspection with flying colors.”
Robert Chen
Los Angeles, CA · Restaurant Pigeon Solutions
“The balcony of our condo was unusable because of pigeons. They installed a custom netting system that's barely visible and matches our building's aesthetic. We can finally enjoy our outdoor space again. Thank you!”
Rachel Kim
Portland, OR · Balcony Pigeon Proofing
“Our wedding venue was losing bookings because of pigeons roosting on the ceremony pergola. The deterrent gel they applied is completely invisible but pigeons won't land on it. We've had four pigeon-free weddings since the treatment.”
Laura Scott
Tampa, FL · Pigeon Deterrent Gel
“Pigeons had completely taken over our church steeple. The droppings were damaging our 100-year-old stonework. WD Pigeon Solutions used methods that protected the historic architecture while completely eliminating the pigeon colony. Truly expert work.”
Karen Phillips
Atlanta, GA · Church Steeple Protection
“The gutter guards they installed are fantastic. Pigeons were constantly nesting in our gutters, causing water damage to our foundation. Now the gutters flow freely and there's no place for pigeons to nest. Should have done this years ago.”
Christopher Lee
Philadelphia, PA · Gutter Guard Installation
“Our rooftop AC units were full of pigeon nests and the smell coming through the vents was terrible. WD Pigeon Solutions cleaned everything out, installed screening around all units, and the air quality improved immediately. Life-changing.”
Emily Watson
San Diego, CA · AC Unit Protection
“The bird spikes on our commercial building were long overdue. The installation team worked over a weekend to minimize disruption to our business. Clean, professional work and the pigeons are completely gone from our ledges.”
Thomas Rodriguez
San Antonio, TX · Bird Spikes Installation
“We manage a grain storage facility and pigeons were consuming and contaminating tons of product annually. WD Pigeon Solutions designed a complete exclusion system for our silos and storage buildings. The contamination losses have dropped to zero.”
Kevin Morris
Detroit, MI · Agricultural Bird Control
“We tried every DIY pigeon solution on the market before calling WD Pigeon Solutions. Fake owls, shiny tape, sound machines—nothing worked. Their professional exclusion system solved the problem in one visit. Don't waste time with DIY. Call the pros.”
Heather Brown
Austin, TX · Residential Pigeon Control
“Pigeons were destroying our hotel's pool area. Guests complained constantly about droppings on lounge chairs and in the water. The deterrent system they installed is invisible to guests but 100% effective. Our reviews have improved dramatically.”
Jennifer Williams
Miami, FL · Hotel Bird Management
“After three different companies failed to solve our pigeon problem, WD Pigeon Solutions got it done right. They did a thorough assessment, identified entry points we didn't even know existed, and sealed everything. Problem solved permanently.”
Lisa Anderson
Seattle, WA · Structural Exclusion
“Running a daycare with pigeons on the playground was a constant worry. WD Pigeon Solutions installed deterrents around the entire outdoor play area. The parents are relieved and the kids can play without pigeon droppings everywhere.”
Jessica Rivera
Orlando, FL · Pigeon Feces Disease Prevention
“We had an emergency situation with pigeons getting into our medical clinic through a damaged vent. WD Pigeon Solutions arrived within hours, safely removed the birds, sanitized the area, and installed proper vent screens. Fast and professional.”
Samantha White
Columbus, OH · Emergency Pigeon Removal
“The pigeon problem at our apartment complex was out of control. Droppings everywhere, nests in every corner. The team installed bird netting and spikes across the entire building. Haven't seen a single pigeon in three months.”
Sarah Thompson
Las Vegas, NV · Bird Netting Installation
Common Pigeon Problems in Lexington That Require Property Damage Assessment
Structures like performing arts centers and campus dining facilities in Lexington offer pigeons sheltered nesting sites, while dining hall waste overflow keep flocks well fed.
Lexington property inspectors frequently cite pigeon droppings as a factor in premature deterioration of exterior cladding, window sealants, and decorative stonework.
In Lexington, pigeon-contaminated HVAC intakes can distribute fungal spores throughout entire buildings, increasing the risk of respiratory infections among employees and residents.
In Lexington, an increase in bird mites or pigeon flies inside a building is a strong indicator that pigeons are nesting within the structure itself, not just on exterior surfaces.
Owners of campus parking structures and faculty office buildings face ongoing maintenance costs as pigeon guano accelerates the deterioration of painted surfaces, metal fixtures, and stonework.
Because of Lexington's seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity, pigeon-related complaints spike during August through May as birds raise multiple broods in quick succession.
When to Schedule Property Damage Assessment in Lexington
Timing your property damage work with Lexington's seasonal pigeon patterns maximizes effectiveness.
Spring (Mar–May)
60–85°FNesting intensifies. Abundant warm-weather food sources fuel rapid population growth across the region.
Recommendation
Act early. Spring exclusion prevents summer population explosions.
Summer (Jun–Aug)
80–100°FContinuous breeding in hot, humid conditions. Pigeons seek shade under carports, awnings, and covered structures.
Recommendation
Check covered areas and carports frequently. Droppings accelerate mold growth.
Fall (Sep–Nov)
60–85°FPopulations remain large. Tropical weather events may displace flocks to new buildings.
Recommendation
Post-storm inspections are critical to catch displaced pigeons early.
Winter (Dec–Feb)
40–65°FMild winters allow nearly uninterrupted breeding. Colonies maintain size through the cool season.
Recommendation
Year-round monitoring is essential. Do not assume winter will reduce populations.
Lexington Weather and Property Damage Assessment Timing
How Lexington's seasonal climate affects pigeon behavior and optimal property damage scheduling.
| Season | Avg High | Avg Low | Precipitation | Pigeon Impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | 77°F | 55°F | 4.2 in/mo | Breeding accelerates with warming temps |
| Summer | 91°F | 71°F | 5.7 in/mo | Continuous breeding; shade-seeking behavior (peak activity: August through May) |
| Fall | 75°F | 54°F | 3.7 in/mo | Populations remain high; storm displacement |
| Winter | 57°F | 37°F | 4.0 in/mo | Mild enough for year-round breeding |
Property Damage Assessment Facts Every Lexington Property Owner Should Know
Property Damage Assessment Facts for Lexington Property Owners
- In Lexington, pigeon breeding activity peaks during August through May, when the seasonal continental climate with pronounced academic-year activity supports rapid population growth and multiple nesting cycles per pair
- Pigeon guano near HVAC intakes on campus dining facilities can distribute fungal spores throughout entire buildings, increasing respiratory health risks for occupants
- Properties with visible pigeon activity often experience reduced appeal and higher maintenance costs, making proactive property damage a protection measure for athletic facilities owners
- Dried pigeon droppings become airborne particulate matter that can transmit histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and psittacosis — a particular concern for student recreation centers in Lexington
- Pigeon nesting debris near electrical equipment and in lecture hall ventilation grates represents a fire hazard that proper property damage eliminates
- Pigeon droppings are acidic (pH 3.5–4.5) and corrode metal, concrete, stonework, and painted surfaces on campus dining facilities and fraternity and sorority houses over time, leading to costly repairs
- A nesting pair of pigeons can produce 6–8 eggs per year, with chicks reaching reproductive maturity in approximately 6 months — making early property damage intervention on performing arts centers far more cost-effective than delayed action
- Property Damage Assessment on dormitory window sills and parking garage stairwells prevents the buildup that leads to expensive emergency remediation later
Our Services
Professional pigeon and bird control solutions tailored to your property and needs.
Pigeon Control
Complete pigeon removal and population management for residential and commercial properties. We use humane, proven methods to eliminate pigeon problems for good.
Learn More
Pigeon Netting
Heavy-duty pigeon netting systems for courtyards, loading docks, canopies, and large openings. UV-stabilized mesh keeps birds out while maintaining aesthetics.
Learn More
Pigeon Exclusion
Permanent physical barriers that prevent pigeons from roosting and nesting. Solar panel guards, building exclusion, and custom solutions for any structure.
Learn MoreProperty Damage Assessment in Lexington — Expert Pigeon Control
Watch how WD Pigeon Solutions delivers professional property damage for Lexington, Kentucky property owners.
Free Pigeon Control Tools
Use our interactive tools to assess your pigeon problem and find the right solution.
Infestation Severity Assessment
Answer a series of questions about your pigeon problem to determine the severity level and get recommended next steps for treatment.
Use ToolProperty Risk Evaluator
Evaluate your property's vulnerability to pigeon infestation based on building type, location, nearby food sources, and structural features.
Use ToolROI Calculator for Pigeon Prevention
Calculate the return on investment for pigeon prevention measures by comparing upfront costs against ongoing damage and cleanup expenses.
Use ToolFree Quote Request Tool
Submit your property details and pigeon problem description to receive a free, no-obligation quote from our expert team within 24 hours.
Use ToolPigeon Species Identifier
Upload a photo or describe the bird you've spotted to identify the species and learn about its behavior, nesting habits, and control methods.
Use ToolDroppings Health Risk Checker
Assess the health risks associated with pigeon droppings at your property based on accumulation level, location, and exposure factors.
Use ToolDid You Know?
Fascinating pigeon facts that might surprise you.
Pigeons can find their way home from over 1,300 miles away — they were used as message carriers in both World Wars.
Pigeons mate for life and can breed up to 8 times per year, producing 2 eggs each time.
Pigeons can fly at speeds of up to 77.6 mph, making them one of the fastest birds in the world.
Pigeon droppings are highly acidic (pH 3-4.5) and can eat through car paint, concrete, and roofing materials.
Pigeons can recognize all 26 letters of the English alphabet and can even be trained to distinguish between paintings by Monet and Picasso.
Pigeons have been domesticated for over 5,000 years — they were the first bird humans ever domesticated.
Property Damage Assessment FAQ — Lexington, Kentucky
Find answers to common questions about our pigeon control services.
Property Damage Assessment Near Lexington
We also provide property damage services throughout Kentucky.
How It Works
Getting pigeon-free is easy. Just three simple steps.
Contact Us
Call us, fill out our form, or chat online. Describe your pigeon problem and we'll listen carefully.
Get Free Quote
We'll assess your situation and provide a detailed, no-obligation quote — completely free.
Schedule Service
Pick a time that works for you. Our licensed professionals will handle the rest — guaranteed.
Common Pigeon Infestations
Identify your pigeon problem and learn about effective solutions.
HighRoof & Attic Nesting
Pigeons nesting in roof gaps, attic vents, and under eaves cause structural damage, blocked drainage, and health hazards from accumulated droppings and nesting materials.
Learn More
HighHVAC & Ductwork Nesting
Pigeons nesting near HVAC systems spread diseases through ventilation, clog filters, and cause expensive equipment failures and indoor air quality problems.
Learn More
MediumBalcony & Patio Invasion
Pigeons roosting on balconies and patios leave droppings, feathers, and nesting debris that create unsanitary conditions and make outdoor spaces unusable.
Learn More
CriticalSolar Panel Infestations
Pigeons nest under solar panels for warmth and shelter, damaging wiring, reducing energy output by up to 30%, and voiding manufacturer warranties.
Learn MoreProperty Damage Assessment Resources for Lexington
Everything you need to make an informed decision about property damage in Lexington, Kentucky.
All Lexington Pigeon Control
Complete pigeon management services in Lexington, KY.
Property Damage Assessment Overview
Learn everything about our professional property damage assessment solutions.
All Kentucky Services
Browse all pigeon control service locations in Kentucky.
Free Pigeon Control Tools
Use our interactive calculators and cost estimators.
Pigeon Prevention Guide
Expert tips for keeping pigeons away permanently.
Customer Reviews
Read what property owners across the US say about our work.
Property Damage Assessment in Bowling Green
Professional property damage services in Bowling Green, Kentucky.
Property Damage Assessment in Georgetown
Professional property damage services in Georgetown, Kentucky.
Property Damage Assessment in Hopkinsville
Professional property damage services in Hopkinsville, Kentucky.
DIY vs. Professional Pigeon Control in Lexingtonproperty-damage-assessment
| DIY Method | Effectiveness | Limitation |
|---|---|---|
| Homemade spice or vinegar sprays | Very short-term deterrent | Washes away with rain and requires constant reapplication |
| Bird gel or sticky repellent | Mildly effective on flat ledges | Collects dust and debris quickly, loses stickiness, and can trap small songbirds |
| Visual deterrents (fake owls, reflective tape) | Temporarily effective for 1-2 weeks | Pigeons quickly habituate and ignore them |
| Ultrasonic devices | Minimal proven effectiveness | Most peer-reviewed studies show negligible impact on pigeon behavior |
| Removing food sources | Helpful as part of a broader plan | Urban environments provide too many alternative food sources for this alone |
Why Hire a Professional?
- Follow-up monitoring ensures pigeons do not relocate to other parts of your property
- Knowledge of local regulations regarding bird control methods
- Safe handling and cleanup of droppings containing potentially harmful pathogens
- Licensed and insured protection for your Lexingtonproperty-damage-assessment property
- Proper installation ensures spikes, netting, and exclusion devices actually work
- Trained technicians understand flock behavior and seasonal breeding patterns
Pigeon Control Cost Guide for Lexingtonproperty-damage-assessment
Actual costs vary based on property size, severity of infestation, and specific methods required. Contact us for a free inspection and customized quote.
| Service | Pricing | Key Factors |
|---|---|---|
| Dropping cleanup and sanitization | Varies by area and accumulation | Square footage, depth of accumulation, accessibility, disposal requirements |
| Ongoing maintenance program | Monthly or quarterly retainer | Property size, severity history, number of deterrent systems maintained |
| Bird netting installation | Varies by square footage | Net material, area coverage, mounting hardware requirements |
| Bird spike installation | Varies by linear footage | Material type (plastic vs. stainless steel), height and accessibility of installation area |
| Initial inspection and assessment | Usually free | Most professional companies offer complimentary inspections |
| Electric shock track installation | Varies by linear footage | Track length, number of rows, voltage system, height of installation |
| Pigeon trapping and removal | Varies by scope | Number of pigeons, duration of trapping program, follow-up visits |
Other Pigeon Control Services in Lexington
Explore additional pigeon control services we offer in Lexington, Kentucky:
WD Pigeon Solutions Pest Control Team
This content was reviewed by our licensed pest control specialists with over 15 years of combined experience in humane pigeon management. Our team holds certifications from the National Pest Management Association (NPMA) and follows Integrated Pest Management (IPM) protocols.
Ready for Professional Property Damage Assessment in Lexington?
Get your free, no-obligation quote from Lexington's trusted pigeon control experts.