High-Rise Bird Management in Toledo, Ohio. WD Pigeon Solutions provides professional high-rise bird management services for Toledo property owners, including multi-species effectiveness, commercial-grade deterrents, virtually invisible systems. Contact us for a free inspection in Toledo, Ohio.
High-Rise Bird Management in Toledo, Ohio
Specialized high-rise bird management using rope access technicians to install deterrents and exclusion on tall buildings and skyscrapers — trusted by Toledo property owners for lasting, humane results.
Last updated: January 17, 2026 · Reviewed by WD Pigeon Solutions pest control specialists
Why Toledo Property Owners Need Professional High-Rise Bird Management
Our High-Rise Bird Management service in Toledo targets pigeon activity on window ledges and AC units and building cornices and parapets, using professional-grade materials designed for long-term performance.
Local Toledo properties such as transit stations and commercial storefronts experience heavy pigeon roosting fueled by nearby public plazas with feeders.
Occupational health studies confirm that prolonged exposure to pigeon waste in Toledo buildings can lead to allergic alveolitis, commonly known as pigeon breeder's lung, even in people who do not handle birds directly.
From initial survey to final walkthrough, our Toledo service is designed to deliver measurable results: fewer pigeons, less damage, and a cleaner property.
Owners of hotels and mixed-use developments face ongoing maintenance costs as pigeon guano accelerates the deterioration of painted surfaces, metal fixtures, and stonework.
During March through September, Toledo's urban heat-island climate with warm concrete corridors drives pigeons to seek sheltered rooftops and building cavities where warmth and food are nearby.
For lasting results in Toledo, our technicians recommend pairing physical exclusion with habitat modification, such as relocating outdoor dining waste bins and covering loading dock areas.
Call WD Pigeon Solutions to schedule your complimentary Toledo property assessment—our team will identify every problem area and recommend the right solution.
Where We Install High-Rise Bird Management in Toledo
Our Toledo team has installed high-rise bird solutions across all property types throughout Ohio.
High-Priority High-Rise Bird Management Locations in Toledo
These Toledo property types see the most urgent demand for professional high-rise bird.
Toledo Public transit infrastructure
Pigeon activity around public transit infrastructure in Toledo frequently targets underground tunnel entrances, with restaurant waste and dumpsters sustaining flocks that cause droppings, nesting debris, and health concerns.
Toledo Apartment complexes
Apartment complexes face recurring pigeon pressure in Toledo. Colonies establish around building cornices and parapets and are sustained by food vendor carts, making professional high-rise bird essential for long-term protection.
Toledo Hotels
Hotels in Toledo are prime candidates for high-rise bird due to heavy pigeon pressure around transit station platform canopies. Nearby dense foot traffic areas draw flocks that quickly establish colonies.
Toledo Parking garages
High-Rise Bird is increasingly requested for parking garages in Toledo, particularly to protect bridge abutments and overpasses and reduce contamination caused by entertainment district waste bins.
Toledo Commercial buildings
Commercial buildings in Toledo combine sheltered underground tunnel entrances with nearby restaurant waste and dumpsters, creating ideal conditions for persistent pigeon colonies that high-rise bird can address.
Toledo Transit stations
Pigeon activity around transit stations in Toledo frequently targets building cornices and parapets, with food vendor carts sustaining flocks that cause droppings, nesting debris, and health concerns.
Our High-Rise Bird Management Process in Toledo
Step 1: No-Cost Property Inspection in Toledo
We begin with a thorough walkthrough of your Toledo building, examining loading docks and transit station platform canopies for signs of pigeon habitation. Our technician photographs problem areas and measures the scope of activity around high-rise office towers before recommending specific treatment.
Step 2: Precision High-Rise Bird Management Design
Your Toledo treatment plan maps every affected surface — transit station platform canopies on parking garages, ledges on high-rise office towers, and secondary roost points around residential high-rises. The plan includes material specifications, coverage diagrams, and a transparent cost breakdown.
Step 3: On-Site High-Rise Bird Installation
Our fully insured team handles the physical installation, working systematically across building cornices and parapets, loading docks, and every other designated surface. We coordinate with your Toledo building management to schedule around business hours when needed.
Step 4: System Verification and Handover
Each installed component is tested and verified against the original treatment plan. We document every high-rise bird point on your Toledo property — from fire escapes to apartment complexes zones — and provide a complete service record with photographs for your files.
Step 5: Ongoing Performance Guarantee
If pigeons return to any treated area within our guarantee period, we come back and address it at no additional cost. For Toledo properties with the urban heat-island climate with warm concrete corridors, this guarantee gives you confidence that the solution will hold.
Why Toledo Chooses WD Pigeon Solutions for High-Rise Bird Management
The right high-rise bird management provider in Toledo combines technical skill with local insight. We understand how pigeons exploit window ledges and AC units and building cornices and parapets across Toledo's parking garages, and we apply that knowledge to every project.
- Deep local knowledge — our team understands how restaurant waste and dumpsters and food vendor carts drive pigeon behavior around Toledo's apartment complexes
- Professional-grade hardware — commercial materials designed for Toledo's urban heat-island climate with warm concrete corridors, not consumer products
- No hidden fees — detailed written estimates covering every treatment surface on your property
- Post-project follow-up — we check back to confirm all high-rise bird systems are performing on your commercial buildings
- Full insurance coverage — general liability and worker's compensation for your protection
- Multi-property discounts — volume pricing available for Toledo property managers with multiple locations
We measure success by whether pigeons stay away from your Toledo property — not by how many products we sell. That results-first approach has made us the preferred high-rise bird provider for commercial buildings and public transit infrastructure owners across the area.
What Our Customers Say
Trusted by thousands of homeowners and businesses
“The seasonal prevention program has been a game-changer for our property management company. WD Pigeon Solutions comes out quarterly, inspects all our properties, and addresses any issues before they become infestations. Proactive and reliable.”
Jason Patel
Henderson, NV · Seasonal Pigeon Prevention
“We had pigeons nesting under every solar panel on our roof. WD Pigeon Solutions installed mesh guards around all 24 panels and cleaned up years of droppings. Our solar output increased by 15% after the cleanup. Worth every penny.”
James Mitchell
Phoenix, AZ · Solar Panel Pigeon Protection
“We own a warehouse and the pigeon situation was creating serious OSHA concerns. The team installed a comprehensive netting system across our 50,000 sq ft ceiling. The installation crew was professional and finished ahead of schedule.”
Michael O'Brien
Denver, CO · Warehouse Bird Control
“Managing a 40-story office building with a pigeon problem is a nightmare. WD Pigeon Solutions brought in rope-access technicians who installed bird spikes on every ledge. The building looks clean for the first time in years. Our tenants are thrilled.”
David Park
Chicago, IL · Bird Spikes Installation
“We had an emergency situation with pigeons getting into our medical clinic through a damaged vent. WD Pigeon Solutions arrived within hours, safely removed the birds, sanitized the area, and installed proper vent screens. Fast and professional.”
Samantha White
Columbus, OH · Emergency Pigeon Removal
“After three different companies failed to solve our pigeon problem, WD Pigeon Solutions got it done right. They did a thorough assessment, identified entry points we didn't even know existed, and sealed everything. Problem solved permanently.”
Lisa Anderson
Seattle, WA · Structural Exclusion
“As a property manager for 12 commercial buildings, I've tried every pigeon control company in the area. WD Pigeon Solutions is the only one that delivers lasting results. They now handle all our properties and the tenants couldn't be happier.”
Daniel Jackson
Charlotte, NC · Commercial Bird Exclusion
“The bird spikes on our commercial building were long overdue. The installation team worked over a weekend to minimize disruption to our business. Clean, professional work and the pigeons are completely gone from our ledges.”
Thomas Rodriguez
San Antonio, TX · Bird Spikes Installation
“The property damage assessment they provided was incredibly detailed. We used it to file an insurance claim for the pigeon damage to our roof and HVAC system. The claim was approved and covered most of the repair and prevention costs.”
Gregory Adams
Indianapolis, IN · Property Damage Assessment
“The pigeon wire installation on our office building's ledges is invisible from the ground but incredibly effective. No more pigeons, no more droppings on the sidewalk below, no more complaints from visitors. Professional installation from start to finish.”
Megan Taylor
Raleigh, NC · Pigeon Wire Installation
“The pigeon problem at our apartment complex was out of control. Droppings everywhere, nests in every corner. The team installed bird netting and spikes across the entire building. Haven't seen a single pigeon in three months.”
Sarah Thompson
Las Vegas, NV · Bird Netting Installation
“Our school district hired WD Pigeon Solutions to address pigeon problems at three campuses. They handled everything—assessment, removal, cleanup, and prevention—across all locations. The kids and teachers are much happier without pigeons on the playground.”
William Turner
Nashville, TN · School & Campus Bird Control
“Pigeons were destroying our hotel's pool area. Guests complained constantly about droppings on lounge chairs and in the water. The deterrent system they installed is invisible to guests but 100% effective. Our reviews have improved dramatically.”
Jennifer Williams
Miami, FL · Hotel Bird Management
“I had pigeons nesting in my chimney and could hear them cooing all night. The team installed a heavy-duty chimney cap and removed all the nesting material. No more noise, no more mess. Quick and affordable service.”
Patricia Martinez
Tucson, AZ · Chimney Cap Installation
“Pigeons were getting into our retail store through gaps in the roof every time the loading door opened. The strip curtain and exclusion system they installed solved both the pigeon and the temperature control problem. Highly recommend.”
Stephanie Clark
San Jose, CA · Retail Store Bird Solutions
“Our historic downtown building was being destroyed by pigeon droppings. The team used heritage-sensitive methods that don't damage the original architecture. The building looks beautiful again and the pigeons are gone. Excellent attention to detail.”
Andrew Campbell
Salt Lake City, UT · Historical Building Protection
“I called about pigeons in my attic and they came out the same day. They removed over 30 nests, sanitized everything, and sealed every entry point. It's been six months and not a single pigeon has gotten back in. Incredible service.”
Maria Gonzalez
Houston, TX · Attic Pigeon Removal
“We run a food processing plant and a pigeon infestation nearly shut us down. WD Pigeon Solutions mobilized a team the next morning. They cleared the facility, sealed every opening, and set up a monitoring program. We haven't had an issue since.”
Nicole Davis
Minneapolis, MN · Industrial Pigeon Control
“I was skeptical about the pigeon birth control program, but the results speak for themselves. Our building's pigeon population has dropped by over 80% in eight months. It's the most humane and effective long-term solution I've seen.”
Amanda Nguyen
San Francisco, CA · Pigeon Birth Control (OvoControl)
“Running a daycare with pigeons on the playground was a constant worry. WD Pigeon Solutions installed deterrents around the entire outdoor play area. The parents are relieved and the kids can play without pigeon droppings everywhere.”
Jessica Rivera
Orlando, FL · Pigeon Feces Disease Prevention
“Third solar panel company told us we needed pigeon protection or they wouldn't honor the warranty. WD Pigeon Solutions installed critter guards on all 32 panels in one day. Clean work, fair price, and our warranty stays intact.”
Ryan Cooper
Scottsdale, AZ · Solar Panel Pigeon Protection
“We needed our loading dock cleared of pigeons before a major FDA inspection. WD Pigeon Solutions responded within 24 hours, removed all nests, cleaned and sanitized the entire dock area, and installed deterrents. We passed the inspection.”
Steven Barnes
Dallas, TX · Loading Dock Bird Control
“Our wedding venue was losing bookings because of pigeons roosting on the ceremony pergola. The deterrent gel they applied is completely invisible but pigeons won't land on it. We've had four pigeon-free weddings since the treatment.”
Laura Scott
Tampa, FL · Pigeon Deterrent Gel
“We tried every DIY pigeon solution on the market before calling WD Pigeon Solutions. Fake owls, shiny tape, sound machines—nothing worked. Their professional exclusion system solved the problem in one visit. Don't waste time with DIY. Call the pros.”
Heather Brown
Austin, TX · Residential Pigeon Control
“Our rooftop AC units were full of pigeon nests and the smell coming through the vents was terrible. WD Pigeon Solutions cleaned everything out, installed screening around all units, and the air quality improved immediately. Life-changing.”
Emily Watson
San Diego, CA · AC Unit Protection
“The dropping cleanup alone was worth calling them. They power-washed our entire building facade, treated everything with antimicrobial solution, and then installed spikes and wire to prevent the pigeons from returning. Building looks brand new.”
Mark Sullivan
Boston, MA · Dropping Cleanup & Sanitization
“The gutter guards they installed are fantastic. Pigeons were constantly nesting in our gutters, causing water damage to our foundation. Now the gutters flow freely and there's no place for pigeons to nest. Should have done this years ago.”
Christopher Lee
Philadelphia, PA · Gutter Guard Installation
“Our parking garage had a massive pigeon problem. Cars were getting damaged, tenants were threatening to leave. The electric track deterrent system they installed on every level was the only thing that worked. Zero pigeons now.”
Brian Foster
New York City, NY · Parking Garage Bird Control
“Pigeons had completely taken over our church steeple. The droppings were damaging our 100-year-old stonework. WD Pigeon Solutions used methods that protected the historic architecture while completely eliminating the pigeon colony. Truly expert work.”
Karen Phillips
Atlanta, GA · Church Steeple Protection
“Our downtown restaurant was losing customers because of pigeons on the patio. WD Pigeon Solutions installed a nearly invisible netting system over our outdoor dining area. Customers love it and we passed our health inspection with flying colors.”
Robert Chen
Los Angeles, CA · Restaurant Pigeon Solutions
“The balcony of our condo was unusable because of pigeons. They installed a custom netting system that's barely visible and matches our building's aesthetic. We can finally enjoy our outdoor space again. Thank you!”
Rachel Kim
Portland, OR · Balcony Pigeon Proofing
“We manage a grain storage facility and pigeons were consuming and contaminating tons of product annually. WD Pigeon Solutions designed a complete exclusion system for our silos and storage buildings. The contamination losses have dropped to zero.”
Kevin Morris
Detroit, MI · Agricultural Bird Control
Common Pigeon Problems in Toledo That Require High-Rise Bird Management
Toledo's parking garages are especially vulnerable to pigeon colonization because of proximity to food vendor carts and park bench gathering areas.
In Toledo, pigeon guano accelerates rust formation on steel structures and stains porous materials like brick and sandstone beyond the point of simple cleaning.
Beyond structural damage, pigeon infestations in Toledo raise public health concerns: dried droppings become airborne and can transmit fungal and bacterial infections to building occupants.
A pigeon flock that regularly exceeds a dozen birds on a Toledo rooftop is typically part of a larger colony, and the population will continue to grow without professional intervention.
Structural inspections of hotels and public transit infrastructure frequently reveal accelerated concrete spalling and steel corrosion in areas with heavy pigeon roosting.
During March through September, Toledo's urban heat-island climate with warm concrete corridors drives pigeons to seek sheltered rooftops and building cavities where warmth and food are nearby.
When to Schedule High-Rise Bird Management in Toledo
Timing your high-rise bird work with Toledo's seasonal pigeon patterns maximizes effectiveness.
Spring (Mar–May)
35–70°FExplosive nesting after harsh winter die-off. Surviving birds breed aggressively as temperatures rise.
Recommendation
Book your spring installation in February while crews have availability; April schedules fill fast.
Summer (Jun–Aug)
70–95°FPeak activity near grain processing, rail yards, and outdoor food sources. Multiple breeding cycles.
Recommendation
Schedule biweekly inspections for food processing facilities to stay ahead of health code requirements.
Fall (Sep–Nov)
35–65°FFlocks grow as young birds mature. Pigeons begin scouting heated winter roosting locations.
Recommendation
Reinforce entry points on heated buildings — interior warmth makes them prime targets as outdoor temps fall.
Winter (Dec–Feb)
5–35°FPigeons retreat into grain elevators, factories, and heated structures. Populations thin but core colonies survive.
Recommendation
January and February deep-cleans in enclosed spaces prevent the spring thaw from mobilizing dried pathogen-laden dust.
Toledo Weather and High-Rise Bird Management Timing
How Toledo's seasonal climate affects pigeon behavior and optimal high-rise bird scheduling.
| Season | Avg High | Avg Low | Precipitation | Pigeon Impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | 62°F | 41°F | 3.8 in/mo | Explosive nesting after winter dormancy |
| Summer | 88°F | 67°F | 4.0 in/mo | Maximum population and breeding activity (peak activity: March through September) |
| Fall | 60°F | 41°F | 3.0 in/mo | Pre-winter roosting site competition |
| Winter | 34°F | 19°F | 2.5 in/mo | Deep shelter-seeking; indoor infestations |
High-Rise Bird Management Facts Every Toledo Property Owner Should Know
High-Rise Bird Management Facts for Toledo Property Owners
- Pigeon nesting debris near electrical equipment and in transit station platform canopies represents a fire hazard that proper high-rise bird eliminates
- Pigeon droppings are acidic (pH 3.5–4.5) and corrode metal, concrete, stonework, and painted surfaces on apartment complexes and parking garages over time, leading to costly repairs
- A nesting pair of pigeons can produce 6–8 eggs per year, with chicks reaching reproductive maturity in approximately 6 months — making early high-rise bird intervention on commercial storefronts far more cost-effective than delayed action
- High-Rise Bird Management on building cornices and parapets and loading docks prevents the buildup that leads to expensive emergency remediation later
- Pigeons are creatures of habit — they return to the same fire escapes and building cornices and parapets generation after generation unless physically excluded, which is why high-rise bird outperforms temporary scare tactics
- The average property owner waits months before addressing a pigeon problem — by which time populations have grown and structural damage to transit stations has begun
- A single pigeon produces approximately 25 lbs of droppings per year — across a typical urban flock, residential high-rises in Toledo can accumulate hundreds of pounds of corrosive waste annually
- Professional high-rise bird management in Toledo typically costs far less than the accumulated damage from untreated pigeon infestations on residential high-rises
Our Services
Professional pigeon and bird control solutions tailored to your property and needs.
Bird Control
Comprehensive bird deterrent solutions including spikes, netting, and exclusion systems. Protect your property from all pest bird species with lasting results.
Learn More
Pigeon Control
Complete pigeon removal and population management for residential and commercial properties. We use humane, proven methods to eliminate pigeon problems for good.
Learn More
Bird Spike Installation
Professional bird spike installation for ledges, rooflines, signs, and parapets. Stainless steel spikes provide permanent, humane deterrence for any building type.
Learn MoreHigh-Rise Bird Management in Toledo — Expert Pigeon Control
Watch how WD Pigeon Solutions delivers professional high-rise bird for Toledo, Ohio property owners.
Free Pigeon Control Tools
Use our interactive tools to assess your pigeon problem and find the right solution.
Infestation Severity Assessment
Answer a series of questions about your pigeon problem to determine the severity level and get recommended next steps for treatment.
Use ToolProperty Risk Evaluator
Evaluate your property's vulnerability to pigeon infestation based on building type, location, nearby food sources, and structural features.
Use ToolROI Calculator for Pigeon Prevention
Calculate the return on investment for pigeon prevention measures by comparing upfront costs against ongoing damage and cleanup expenses.
Use ToolService Area Finder
Enter your zip code or city to find the nearest WD Pigeon Solutions service area and get connected with local pigeon control experts.
Use ToolPigeon Species Identifier
Upload a photo or describe the bird you've spotted to identify the species and learn about its behavior, nesting habits, and control methods.
Use ToolDroppings Health Risk Checker
Assess the health risks associated with pigeon droppings at your property based on accumulation level, location, and exposure factors.
Use ToolDid You Know?
Fascinating pigeon facts that might surprise you.
A single pigeon produces about 25 pounds of droppings per year, which can corrode metal and damage building facades.
Pigeons can find their way home from over 1,300 miles away — they were used as message carriers in both World Wars.
Pigeons have been domesticated for over 5,000 years — they were the first bird humans ever domesticated.
Pigeons mate for life and can breed up to 8 times per year, producing 2 eggs each time.
Feral pigeon populations can double in just 2 months under ideal conditions.
Pigeon droppings are highly acidic (pH 3-4.5) and can eat through car paint, concrete, and roofing materials.
High-Rise Bird Management FAQ — Toledo, Ohio
Find answers to common questions about our pigeon control services.
High-Rise Bird Management Near Toledo
We also provide high-rise bird services throughout Ohio.
How It Works
Getting pigeon-free is easy. Just three simple steps.
Contact Us
Call us, fill out our form, or chat online. Describe your pigeon problem and we'll listen carefully.
Get Free Quote
We'll assess your situation and provide a detailed, no-obligation quote — completely free.
Schedule Service
Pick a time that works for you. Our licensed professionals will handle the rest — guaranteed.
Common Pigeon Infestations
Identify your pigeon problem and learn about effective solutions.
CriticalSolar Panel Infestations
Pigeons nest under solar panels for warmth and shelter, damaging wiring, reducing energy output by up to 30%, and voiding manufacturer warranties.
Learn MoreHighRoof & Attic Nesting
Pigeons nesting in roof gaps, attic vents, and under eaves cause structural damage, blocked drainage, and health hazards from accumulated droppings and nesting materials.
Learn More
CriticalWarehouse & Commercial Infestations
Large commercial spaces attract massive pigeon flocks. Droppings contaminate inventory, create slip hazards, and can trigger health code violations and costly fines.
Learn More
HighHVAC & Ductwork Nesting
Pigeons nesting near HVAC systems spread diseases through ventilation, clog filters, and cause expensive equipment failures and indoor air quality problems.
Learn MoreHigh-Rise Bird Management Resources for Toledo
Everything you need to make an informed decision about high-rise bird in Toledo, Ohio.
All Toledo Pigeon Control
Complete pigeon management services in Toledo, OH.
High-Rise Bird Management Overview
Learn everything about our professional high-rise bird management solutions.
All Ohio Services
Browse all pigeon control service locations in Ohio.
Free Pigeon Control Tools
Use our interactive calculators and cost estimators.
Pigeon Prevention Guide
Expert tips for keeping pigeons away permanently.
Customer Reviews
Read what property owners across the US say about our work.
High-Rise Bird Management in Dublin
Professional high-rise bird services in Dublin, Ohio.
High-Rise Bird Management in Canton
Professional high-rise bird services in Canton, Ohio.
High-Rise Bird Management in Lima
Professional high-rise bird services in Lima, Ohio.
DIY vs. Professional Pigeon Control in Toledohigh-rise-bird-management
| DIY Method | Effectiveness | Limitation |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasonic devices | Minimal proven effectiveness | Most peer-reviewed studies show negligible impact on pigeon behavior |
| Visual deterrents (fake owls, reflective tape) | Temporarily effective for 1-2 weeks | Pigeons quickly habituate and ignore them |
| Removing food sources | Helpful as part of a broader plan | Urban environments provide too many alternative food sources for this alone |
| Water sprinklers or motion sprays | Some short-term deterrence | Not practical for rooftops or upper ledges; water waste and maintenance cost |
| Bird gel or sticky repellent | Mildly effective on flat ledges | Collects dust and debris quickly, loses stickiness, and can trap small songbirds |
Why Hire a Professional?
- Comprehensive property assessment identifies all roosting and nesting sites
- Safe handling and cleanup of droppings containing potentially harmful pathogens
- Proper installation ensures spikes, netting, and exclusion devices actually work
- Knowledge of local regulations regarding bird control methods
- Trained technicians understand flock behavior and seasonal breeding patterns
- Licensed and insured protection for your Toledohigh-rise-bird-management property
Pigeon Control Cost Guide for Toledohigh-rise-bird-management
Every property is different. The figures above are general ranges — your actual investment depends on building layout, flock size, and access difficulty. Request a free on-site assessment for an accurate estimate.
| Service | Pricing | Key Factors |
|---|---|---|
| Bird spike installation | Varies by linear footage | Material type (plastic vs. stainless steel), height and accessibility of installation area |
| Electric shock track installation | Varies by linear footage | Track length, number of rows, voltage system, height of installation |
| Ledge modification and slope panels | Varies by linear footage | Material (metal vs. PVC), angle of slope, number of ledges treated |
| Solar panel protection | Varies by system size | Number of panels, roof type, critter guard material |
| Bird netting installation | Varies by square footage | Net material, area coverage, mounting hardware requirements |
| Initial inspection and assessment | Usually free | Most professional companies offer complimentary inspections |
| Ongoing maintenance program | Monthly or quarterly retainer | Property size, severity history, number of deterrent systems maintained |
Other Pigeon Control Services in Toledo
Explore additional pigeon control services we offer in Toledo, Ohio:
WD Pigeon Solutions Pest Control Team
This content was reviewed by our licensed pest control specialists with over 15 years of combined experience in humane pigeon management. Our team holds certifications from the National Pest Management Association (NPMA) and follows Integrated Pest Management (IPM) protocols.
Ready for Professional High-Rise Bird Management in Toledo?
Get your free, no-obligation quote from Toledo's trusted pigeon control experts.